Gene (Mendelian factor), also known as genetic factor, refers to a DNA or RNA sequence carrying genetic information and is the basic genetic unit that controls traits. Genes control the expression of proteins by directing the synthesis of the genetic information they carry, thus controlling the performance of the individual’s traits.
Modern medical research has shown that almost all diseases are related to genes except for injuries. Like blood, different blood types, the normal genes in the human body are also divided into different genotypes, that is, genetic polymorphism. Different
genotypes have different sensitivities to environmental factors, and sensitive genotypes can cause diseases under the influence of environmental factors. In addition, abnormal genes can directly cause diseases, and the diseases that occur in this case are genetic diseases.
It can be said that there are three root causes of disease:
(1) acquired mutations in the gene;
(2) the interaction between normal genes and the environment;
(3) Genetic defects.
In most diseases, the cause can be found in the gene.
Through its guidance on protein synthesis, genes determine how efficiently we absorb food, remove poisons from the body, and respond to infections.
The first type of genetically related disease is more than 4,000, which are genetically acquired by fathers or mothers.
The second type of disease is a common disease, such as heart disease, diabetes, multiple cancers, etc., which is the result of the interaction of multiple genes and various environmental factors.
Genes are chemical carriers of human genetic information that determine our similarities and dissimilarities to our predecessors. When the gene “work” is normal, our body can develop normally and function normally. If a gene is not normal, even a very small fragment of the gene is abnormal, it can cause dysplasia, disease, and even death.
A healthy body relies on the constant renewal of the body to ensure the normal quantity and quality of the protein. These proteins work together to ensure the proper functioning of various functions of the body. Each protein is a product of a corresponding gene.
Genes can change, some changes do not cause changes in the amount or quality of the protein and some cause. This change in genes is called a genetic mutation. Changes in the amount or quality of proteins can cause abnormalities in the body’s function and cause disease.