We elaborate the uses of aluminum and atomic properties with characteristics. Aluminium is a silver-looking chemical element with atomic number 13. Its symbol is Al and it belongs to the group of metals of the p-block and its usual state in nature is solid. Aluminum is located at position 13 on the periodic table.
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On this page you can discover the chemical properties of aluminum and information about aluminum and other elements on the periodic table such as boron, gallium, magnesium or silicon. You will also learn what aluminum is for and learn about its uses through its properties associated with aluminum such as its atomic number or the usual state in which aluminum can be found.
You can see qualities of aluminum such as its melting and boiling point, its magnetic properties or what its chemical symbol is. In addition, here you will find information about its atomic properties such as the distribution of electrons in aluminum atoms and other properties.
For some elements, some of this information is unknown. In these cases we show the properties attributed to them.
Aluminum Properties
Aluminum belongs to the group of metallic elements known as p-block metals that are located next to metalloids or semi-metals in the periodic table. These types of elements tend to be soft and have low melting points, properties that can also be attributed to aluminum, since it is part of this group of elements.
The state of aluminum in its natural form is solid. Aluminum is a silver-colored chemical element and belongs to the group of metals in block p. The atomic number of aluminum is 13. The chemical symbol for aluminum is Al. The melting point of aluminum is 933.47 degrees Kelvin or 661.32 degrees Celsius or degrees Celsius. The boiling point of aluminum is 2,792 degrees Kelvin or 2,519.85 degrees Celsius or degrees Celsius.
Uses of aluminum
Aluminum is an important metal for a large number of industries. If you’ve ever wondered what hydrogen is for , here is a list of its possible uses:
- Metallic aluminum is very useful for packaging. It is used to make cans and aluminum foil.
- Aluminum borohydride is added to aviation fuel.
- Electrical wiring is sometimes made from aluminum or a combination of aluminum and copper .
- Many of the household utensils are made of aluminum. Cutlery, cookware, baseball bats, and watches are typically made of aluminum.
- Hydrogen gas , an important fuel in rockets, can be obtained by reacting aluminum with hydrochloric acid.
- Extra purity aluminum (99,980 to 99.999% pure aluminum) is used in electronic equipment and digital music playing media.
- Many car, plane, truck, train, ship and bicycle parts are made of aluminum.
- Some countries have coins that are made of aluminum or a combination (alloy) of copper and aluminum.
- Aluminum is very good at absorbing heat. Therefore, it is used in electronics (for example in computers) and transistors as a heat sink to prevent overheating.
- Street lights and masts for sailing ships are usually made of aluminum.
- Aluminum borate is used in the manufacture of glass and ceramics.
- Other aluminum compounds are used in antacid tablets, water purification , papermaking, paintmaking, and synthetic gemstone manufacturing.
Atomic properties of aluminum
The atomic mass of an element is determined by the total mass of neutrons and protons that can be found in a single atom belonging to this element. As for the position where to find aluminum within the periodic table of the elements, aluminum is in group 13 and period 3. Aluminum has an atomic mass of 26.9815386 u.
The electronic configuration of aluminum is [Ne] 3s23p1. The electronic configuration of the elements, determines the form in which the electrons are structured in the atoms of an element. The average radius of aluminum is 125 pm, its atomic radius or Bohr radius is 118 pm, and its covalent radius is 118 pm. Aluminum has a total of 13 electrons whose distribution is as follows: In the first layer it has 2 electrons, in the second it has 8 electrons and in its third layer it has 3 electrons.
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Aluminum characteristics
Below you can see a table showing the main characteristics of aluminum.
| Aluminum | ||
|---|---|---|
| Chemical symbol | To the | |
| Atomic number | 13 | |
| Group | 13 | |
| Period | 3 | |
| Appearance | silver | |
| Block | p | |
| Density | 2698.4 kg / m3 | |
| Atomic mass | 26.9815386 u | |
| Average radius | 125 pm | |
| Atomic radio | 118 | |
| Covalent radius | 118 pm | |
| Electronic configuration | [Ne] 3s23p1 | |
| Electrons per layer | 2, 8, 3 | |
| Oxidation states | 3 | |
| Oxide | amphoteric | |
| Crystal structure | face centered cubic | |
| State | solid | |
| Melting point | 933.47 K | |
| Boiling point | 2792 K | |
| Heat of fusion | 10.79 kJ / mol | |
| Vapor pressure | 2.42 × 10-6Pa at 577 K | |
| Molar volume | 10.00 × 10-6m3 / mol | |
| Electronegativity | 1.61 | |
| Specific heat | 900 J / (K · kg) | |
| Electric conductivity | 37.7 × 106S / m | |
| Thermal conductivity | 237 W / (Km) | |
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