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What is CPU?

We explain what a CPU is and some of its main functions. In addition, the language used by this computer component.

  1. What is CPU?

CPU is an abbreviation of  Central Processing Unit . The CPU is a basic component of the personal computer or computer that processes data and performs mathematical-computer calculations.

The CPU provides the programming capacity , and together with the memory and the input / output devices, it is one of the computational components that we find present in the entire history of computers. The microprocessors of a chip have been replacing the CPUs until they reach the current days when usually when referring to this term they talk about the microprocessors .

At the beginning, when the CPU began to be talked about in the 60s, this unit had a large size, but over the years, technological development led to the fact that today computers have more reliable processing, technical security and efficiency . It is also necessary to highlight that in the beginning, because of their price, size and the possibilities of use, the CPUs were only used in the field of universities.

Then they spread thanks to private business developments, through a social process similar to Fordism , which invested in the idea that all people should have access to acquire a personal computer, which allowed production to develop from that moment on. a dizzying way, by leaps and bounds.

Approximately every 18 months the efficiency and power capacity of the CPUs is doubled due to technological innovations . There are two typical components that a CPU needs: the arithmetic or logic unit, and the control unit which only extracts the instruction from memory , decrypts it and executes it.

The CPU is based on program operations specially designed for the transmission and computer use , whose basic steps are to collect information, decode it in smaller parts in which it can interpret that coding, and carry out instructions, which it will finally execute, moment in which different parts of the CPU that act together are involved. We find a fourth instance, which we can call writing, which is used to leave the results of the task already completed.

  1. CPU language

CPU - binary language
The binary language that reads a CPU is composed only of zeros and ones. 

The processors do not interpret any information , but can only interpret written information in binary form. This computer language is based on two characters, zeros and ones. In addition, it always uses the information provided by the clock signal, through which it is in sync and connecting the different tasks and operations of the CPU.

The CPU architecture is the combination of the design and its instruction set . These instructions are called ISA, for its acronym in English, is the programming model that has a processor, also includes the assembly language form of a compiler. The micro architecture is presented as a diagram , which describes the architecture that is the channels of the interconnections of the different elements of the machine.

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