We explain what the printing press is and what it is for. What was its origin, and why is it so important. Types of printers.
The printing press refers to a mechanism capable of reproducing texts and images on a paper, cloth or other material support , in order to produce them on a large scale.
Initially it operated on the basis of two metal plates between which the material to be printed was introduced, and in which the typographic molds (letters) had been distributed and inked in the correct order of the text . Then the plates were pressed and the text was marked on the surface.
The printing press was invented in the fifteenth century and perfected over the centuries , but since then it allows the serial reproduction of books, magazines, brochures , clothing and other articles endowed with texts and images, through various methods of pressure and inking.
Very later, thanks to the Industrial Revolution and new technologies , more sophisticated forms of printing emerged. Today there are different types of printing, such as:
The printing press had numerous antecedents, in the different stamps and inscriptions invented by ancient cultures to manage their bureaucracy or reproduce ceremonial illustrations. The Chinese, for example, who had made rice paper , invented in the eleventh century a porcelain system that allowed their characters to be reproduced from porcelain molds. But the modern printing press as such emerged in about 1450 from the hand of Johannes Gutemberg.
Although the young German was the first to organize a typography and proceed to serial printing, many others had previously tried, so that Mentelin de Strasbourg (1410-1478), Italian Castaldi , his compatriot Aldo Manuencio, and the Dutch Lorenzo de Coster (1370-1430).
The printing press is used to produce books, magazines, pamphlets, brochures, fabrics, clothing and many other objects endowed with texts and images in a massive way: fast, efficient and economical. This thanks to a system of mobile plates that, pressed, could reproduce the same page multiple times, then the next and then the next, until obtaining several games that, combined, made up several copies of an entire book. The first book to be manufactured in this way was the Bible.
Today, technology has changed the printing press but the principle remains the same: rotary printing presses, for example, in which the newspaper is printed , have large mobile rollers through which hundreds of sheets of paper pass through which are inked and then dried, folded and distributed. None of this would have been possible without the invention of the printing press in the fifteenth century.
The printing press initially had the following characteristics:
At the times of his invention, books were copied manually as single copies , which took a tremendous amount of time and effort per copy, making them rare and expensive objects. The appearance and subsequent improvement and popularization of the printing press meant a real revolution, which made the book more economical, popular and massive.
This, in turn, impacted access to the letter and education , laying the foundations for a more literate European society . It is possibly one of the most revolutionary inventions in history and that forever changed the order of the world’s knowledge.
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