We explain what matter is and what its chemical and physical properties are. In addition, how it is classified and some examples of matter.
We call matter to everything that occupies a certain place in the universe , has a certain amount of energy and is subject to interactions and changes over time , which can be measured. From a chemical point of view , matter is the set of constituent elements of perceivable reality , that is, what constitutes the things around us and ourselves.
We use the term matter as a synonym for substance , that is, the thing from which objects are made , and we understand it scientifically as a different kind of phenomenon from that of forces or energies: the dynamics that interact with objects.
Matter is found everywhere , and in any physical state. There is matter in the air that is breathed as well as in a glass of water . Everything we see, feel and touch is matter, which is a fundamental element for the development of life on the planet .
As far as we know, matter is made up of invisible, indivisible and stable particles , which we call atoms . There are 118 types of atoms, that is, of chemical elements or pure substances , indivisible in simpler ones, reflected in the Periodic Table of the Elements. These atoms are different from each other, depending on the quantity or distribution of subatomic particles , which are always of three types: electrons (negative charge), protons (positive charge) and neutrons (neutral charge).
The reactions between the forms of matter are known as chemical reactions.
Every form of matter reacts in the presence of other related substances, according to certain constitutive properties of its atoms or molecules , which allows the result of these reactions to be substances different from the initial ones (more complex or simpler).
Among the main chemical properties of matter are:
Matter also has physical properties, that is, properties derived from changes in its appearance, without altering its chemical essence and linked to the action of other external natural forces.
Among the main physical properties of matter are:
There are many ways and criteria to classify the subject. From a general point of view, we can list the main ones as follows:
Virtually all objects in the universe are a good example of matter , while they are formed by atoms and possess determinable, discernible and measurable physicochemical properties.
Stones, metals , the air we breathe, wood, our bodies, the water we drink, all the objects we use every day, are perfect examples of matter. There are even recent theories of quantum physics that propose that the void, understood so far as the absence of matter, would also be “filled” with some kind of particles, called “Higgs bosons.”
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