We explain what the plant kingdom is, what its characteristics and classification are. How is your nutrition, reproduction and examples.
It is called Kingdom plant (from the Latin ” plants “) or Vegetable Kingdom to one of the main groups in which biology classifies known living things . Along with the animal kingdom ( Animalia ), the Kingdom of fungi ( fungi ), the United protist ( protistae ) and Monera ( monera ) constitute the traditional categories of classification of life.
The plant kingdom is one of the oldest that the human being has studied , although there is no strict and universal criterion regarding what to consider as a plant and what not. In general, this group considers all forms of terrestrial plant life (trees, shrubs, grass, etc.) and all aquatic algae, provided they carry out some form of photosynthetic nutrition.
The members of this kingdom descend, in theory, from a group of living beings called Primoplantae or Archaeplastida: the first eukaryotes capable of performing photosynthesis , and whose appearance on the primitive Earth is estimated about 1.2 billion years ago, during the Proterozoic Eon.
The individuals of the vegetable kingdom share the following fundamental characteristics:
The members of this kingdom can be classified into two sub-submarines:
The members of the plant kingdom are all autotrophs , that is, capable of generating their own food from inorganic matter . This is carried out through the synthesis of sunlight or photosynthesis, and the absorption of nearby inorganic resources: water, minerals and other elements, through the roots. Then an energy chemical reaction is carried out, which requires atmospheric CO2 , water and sunlight as a source of energy, to produce complex glucose molecules , which then serve for cellular respiration, that is, for their oxidation and obtaining chemical energy or ATP. This process byproducts oxygen molecules that are released into the air , and responds to the general formula of: H2O → 2H + + 2e- + ½ O2.
There are also certain plants capable of feeding on the organic matter of other living beings , such as the famous “carnivorous” plants, which after attracting and capturing insects, proceed to digest them to take advantage of their nutrients.
The plants reproduce in two very different ways, sexual and asexual , depending on their species and sometimes the environmental conditions in which each individual is.
Plant life is the support of most of the organisms in the world , and not only for taking care of the production of the oxygen we breathe and serving as food in the form of fruits, leaves, stems, tubers, etc. Plants also help control gases of greenhouse dispersed in the atmosphere , like CO2, and absorb water in different types of soil , preventing its uncontrolled accumulation. Without plant life, the world would not be what it is, and for that very reason it is so important to maintain its variety, presence and abundance.
Examples of plants in everyday life are easy to find . In this kingdom enter both the trees, the grass, the weeds and the bushes that we find in any public square or park, as well as the homemade ferns and the water plants that we use as home decoration. Also the seaweeds or lakes, the palm trees of the beach, or the cacti and thistles of the deserts .
The branch of biological sciences dedicated to the study of plants is known as botany and its practitioners as botanists. And just as zoologists study animals in their different aspects, botanists focus on understanding the relationships between plants or between plants and animals , in addition to the internal dynamics of the plant organism, and the particular evolution that gave rise to the emergence of this kingdom of creatures.
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