It is known as Operative System (OS) to the computer program or group of them that administer a computerized system , both the performance of the physical resources ( hardware ), as the protocols of execution of the digital content ( software ) and the interface with the user . In short, these are programs that allow and regulate the most basic aspects of the system and without which it could not function properly.
Virtually all computerized devices have some type of operating system, from personal computers , smart phones or specialized calculators.
Operating systems, also called cores or kernels tend to run (ie operate) in a privileged way the rest of the software , without allowing any program make major changes on it that may cause undesired operation. The operating system is the basic operating protocol of the computer, which coordinates all its other functions: communications, processing, user interface, etc.
Many of them consist of graphical interfaces, desktop environments or window managers, which provides the user with a graphic representation of the processes in progress. It can also be a command line, that is, a set of instructions ordered based on their priority and that works based on the user’s command and system response.
Most operating systems come pre-installed in new systems , but they can also be replaced or updated by a user who has sufficient administrator privileges .
As has been said, operating systems are an essential part of the operation of computer systems. They are the piece of software central to the chain of processes , since they establish the minimum conditions for the thing to go: the administration of resources, the method of communication with the user and with other systems, the additional applications, etc.
The Operative System can be classified according to the following criteria:
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