We elaborate the uses of Chromium and atomic properties with characteristics. Chromium is a metallic silver-looking chemical element with atomic number 24. Its symbol is Cr and it belongs to the group of transition metals and its usual state in nature is solid. Chromium is located at position 24 on the periodic table.
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On this page you can discover the chemical properties of chromium and information about chromium and other elements on the periodic table such as molybdenum, vanadium, manganese or scandium. You will also learn what chromium is for and learn about its uses through its properties associated with chromium such as its atomic number or the usual state in which chromium can be found.
You will be able to see chromium qualities such as its melting and boiling point, its magnetic properties or what its chemical symbol is. In addition, here you will find information about its atomic properties such as the distribution of electrons in chromium atoms and other properties.
For some elements, some of this information is unknown. In these cases we show the properties attributed to them.
Properties of chromium
Transition metals, also called transition elements is the group to which chromium belongs. In this group of chemical elements to which chromium belongs, there are those located in the central part of the periodic table, specifically in block d. Among the characteristics that chromium has, as well as those of the rest of the transition metals, is that of including in its electronic configuration the d orbital, partially full of electrons. Properties of this type of metal, among which is chrome, are its high hardness, having high boiling and melting points and being good conductors of electricity and heat.
The state of chrome in its natural form is solid. Chromium is a metallic silver-looking chemical element and belongs to the group of transition metals. The atomic number for chromium is 24. The chemical symbol for chromium is Cr. The melting point of chromium is 2130 degrees Kelvin or 1857.85 degrees Celsius or degrees Celsius. The boiling point of chromium is 2945 degrees Kelvin or 2672.85 degrees Celsius or degrees Celsius.
Uses of Chromium
Chromium is the first element in Group 6 of the periodic table. If you’ve ever wondered what chrome is for , here is a list of its possible uses:
- Magnetic tape (used in audio cassettes and high-end audio tapes) is made of a chrome magnetic compound.
- Chromium (III) oxide is a polished metal oxide better known as chrome green.
- In science labs, chromic acid is used to clean glassware if you have traces of organic compounds.
- The leather is tanned using chromium (III) salt ions.
- Different chromium compounds are used to make different color pigments and tints. School buses are usually painted using chrome yellow. Currently, alternatives are used due to environmental concerns. Chrome red and chrome green are still the most common colors.
- Wood is preserved through the use of chromium (VI) salts.
- Stainless steel, used in many applications, is made when chromium is added to iron . Stainless steel knives contain chrome.
- Iron, nickel and chromium alloys are very strong and withstand very high temperatures. They are used in jet engines and gas turbines.
- Chrome is quite hard and is resistant to corrosion. For this reason, many things are covered in chrome. A lot of metal things that we use on a daily basis (knives and forks for example) are coated with chrome.
Atomic properties of chromium
The atomic mass of an element is determined by the total mass of neutrons and protons that can be found in a single atom belonging to this element. As for the position where to find chromium within the periodic table of the elements, chromium is in group 6 and period 4. Chromium has an atomic mass of 51.9961 u.
Chrome’s electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d54s1. The electronic configuration of the elements, determines the form in which the electrons are structured in the atoms of an element. The average radius of chromium is 140 pm, its atomic radius or Bohr radius is 166 pm, and its covalent radius is 127 pm. Chromium has a total of 24 electrons, the distribution of which is as follows: In the first layer it has 2 electrons, in the second it has 8 electrons, in its third layer it has 13 electrons and in the fourth it has 1 electron.
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Characteristics of Chromium
Below you can see a table showing the main characteristics of chrome.
| Chrome | ||
|---|---|---|
| Chemical symbol | Cr | |
| Atomic number | 24 | |
| Group | 6 | |
| Period | 4 | |
| Appearance | silver metallic | |
| Block | d | |
| Density | 7140 kg / m3 | |
| Atomic mass | 51.9961 u | |
| Average radius | 140 pm | |
| Atomic radio | 166 | |
| Covalent radius | 127 pm | |
| Electronic configuration | [Ar] 3d54s1 | |
| Electrons per layer | 2, 8, 13, 1 | |
| Oxidation states | 6.3.2 | |
| Oxide | strong acid | |
| Crystal structure | body centered cubic | |
| State | solid | |
| Melting point | 2130 K | |
| Boiling point | 2945 K | |
| Heat of fusion | 16.9 kJ / mol | |
| Vapor pressure | 990 Pa to 2130 K | |
| Electronegativity | 1.66 | |
| Specific heat | 450 J / (K ยท kg) | |
| Electric conductivity | 7.74106S / m | |
| Thermal conductivity | 93.7 W / (Km) | |
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