We explain what drama is, the different ways it can be classified and some examples of this literary genre.
Drama or drama is one of the literary genres of antiquity , as described by the Greek philosopher Aristotle, forerunner of what we know today as dramaturgy or theater.
The term in fact comes from the Greek drama that translates “acting”, which makes perfect sense because in the drama the literary and fictional action is put on stage through dialogues and actions in an indefinite present time .
Traditionally it distinguishes between drama and theater , however. The first would be the set of linguistic elements, written or not , that make up the characters , the dialogues (or monologues, soliloquies), the dimensions of the action and the descriptions of the fictional world in which the action takes place, and is a literary genre .
The second, on the other hand, would be the materialization of this genre, its spectacular appearance, involving the actors, the stage, the direction, etc.
The drama has its origin in classical Greek culture , in which it played a key political and religious role, as it staged stories or scenes from stories from the Greek mythological and religious tradition, in which the civic and political values considered were also expressed. necessary to preserve.
Representations were made in the agora, public space and market, accompanied by musical instruments. They were commonly represented in honor of the god Dionysus , but there was a whole calendar of representations, and they always sought to reach catharsis : the purging of emotions through suffering on stage, which left the public “clean” of their passions and allowed them to be better citizens .
Many of these texts , written by the great composers of the time (mainly Sophocles, Aeschylus and Euripides, in tragedy; and Aristophanes in comedy) survive until today and are part of the most important literary collection of the West.
According to the traditional classification of Aristotle, the drama comprises two major genres, which are:
However, today the dramatic genre is understood in very different ways and the following genres have been incorporated into this list:
There are also avant-garde or contemporary theatrical proposals such as the theater of the absurd or the theater of cruelty, which use drama and theatrical space as mechanisms of political, social or experimental action, and which generally have large and unique theorists.
Some examples of known dramatic works are:
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