We explain what the carbon cycle is and what this biogeochemical circuit consists of. In addition, the importance of this cycle for life.
A biogeochemical circuit for the exchange of matter (specifically of compounds containing carbon) between the biosphere , pedosphere, geosphere , hydrosphere and atmosphere of the Earth is known as the carbon cycle . It was discovered by European scientists Joseph Priestley and Antoine Lavoisier , and along with water and nitrogen, is part of the cycles that allow the sustainability of life on our planet.
Since carbon (C) is a key element for life and for most of the known organic compounds, it is involved in numerous substances of organic (and inorganic) origin, in a continuous transmission that allows its reuse and recycling , holding the levels of that element in a global balance.
Carbon in the world exists in different forms and areas : from underground mineral reserves of carbon and inorganic carbon dissolved in seawater, to carbon dioxide in the atmosphere caused by volcanic emissions or the respiration of beings living, as well as the processes of decomposition of organic matter in swamps and other land. For the purposes of the carbon cycle, some of them are considered deposits and other exchange routes.
Broadly speaking, carbon stocks are: atmospheric carbon, the body content of living things in the biosphere (including marine and aquatic beings), carbon dissolved in seawater and deposited at the bottom of the oceans , and the mineral deposits of the earth’s crust, including deposits of oil and other hydrocarbons.
The exchange routes between these deposits are:
All these processes occur at the same time and constitute a delicate balance cycle, which allows carbon to circulate in different environments and as part of substances of very different nature. An interruption of this circuit would mean the impoverishment of numerous vital areas and, possibly, the end of life as we know it.
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