We explain what surrealism is and when this movement arises. Characteristics of the movement. Representatives and authors.
Surrealism is known as an important artistic and aesthetic movement born in France in the 1920s , from the inheritance of the Dadaist movement and the influence of the French writer André Breton, considered its founder and leading exponent. This movement enjoyed wide popularity for decades and had literary, cinematographic and plastic arts aspects .
The surreal term comes from the French, and is attributed to the French writer Guillaume Apollinaire in 1917 , in his dramatic play The Tiresias Tits . Literally it means “above” ( south -) realism ( réalisme ), which means that the Surrealists tried to create an art that went beyond the limiting prospects of realism .
Surrealism was nourished by very diverse aesthetic and philosophical sources, ranging from the avant-garde poetry of Rimbaud, Lautréamont and Alfred Jarry, the painting of the Bosco, the Dadaist explorations and especially the influence of the psychoanalytic theories of Sigmund Freud, whose perspective on around the human mind and the dynamics of dreams served as the basis for the surrealists .
Far from being a stable and uniform movement, surrealism established itself in the search and innovation in terms of artistic techniques , construction of objects and pictorial perspectives. In the literary field it was a huge revolution of language, forcing it to break with the rules of the understandable and to embrace strangeness, through methods such as automatic writing (free from the planning of conscience) and poetic visions of dreams.
It was a school of great importance in Europe and the Americas, being adopted by various political and social tendencies as an artistic mechanism of liberation, capable of giving voice to the silenced and of saying everything that was normally silent. Surrealism has its peak before World War II , at which time most of its European farmers move to the United States and Latin America, where the surreal seed will pay off.
Surrealism aspired to break the barriers of the conscious mind, approaching what Sigmund Freud called “the unconscious.” For this purpose, he aspired to suspend the artist’s control over the manufacture of his work , through automatic painting and writing techniques, or aiming at the reproduction of the dream environment , through relationships, proportions and inventions difficult to translate into ordinary language. In the Surrealist Manifesto of 1924 written by Breton, it is defined as:
“Pure psychic automatism, by means of which one tries to express, verbally, in writing or in any other way, the real functioning of thought . It is a dictation of thought, without the regulatory intervention of reason, oblivious to any aesthetic or moral concern. ”
Among other creations of the surrealists is the “exquisite corpse”, which combines verses from various authors to compose a single poem , without having agreed on a unique sense.
Surrealism had among its ranks some of the most famous European artists of the first half of the twentieth century. However, it was so widespread and accepted in Europe and other latitudes that it is not possible to list all its authors and representatives. A summary of the most significant would include the names of:
In the literature:
In the plastic arts:
At the cinema:
Cryptocurrency has captivated the world since Bitcoin's mysterious arrival in 2009. It began as a…
Hello, Guys Welcome to our Website. Today we will give you information about a Famous…
Alkenes are chemical elements with double bonds or carbon double bonds. Its general formula is…
Logical semantics is a branch of logic that focuses on studying the meaning of statements…
The Game Boy Advance (GBA) was a popular handheld gaming system developed using the Game…
Soft Puzzle - Drop The Slime APK - Simple and Easy! But that's why this…