We explain what scientific experimentation is, what it is for and its characteristics. In addition, the types there are and some examples.
It is understood by scientific experimentation the methods used by researchers (especially the so-called hard or factual sciences) to test their theories and assumptions regarding their objects of study , through the repetition of certain phenomena observed in nature , in the controlled environment of the laboratory.
In other words, so that a scientist can demonstrate that he understands how certain natural phenomena to which his study is dedicated occur, he must replicate these phenomena in his laboratory, controlling all the variables the case in order to demonstrate that it is not something of chance, unrepeatable, but of a universal law.
For a scientific experiment to be valid, however, it must comply with the steps of what is contemplated in the scientific method : a series of logical connections and steps to follow in order to study an phenomenon objectively and verifiably.
This method was invented in the seventeenth century during the Scientific Revolutions that the Modern Age (called Age of Reason) brought with it and was perfected during the nineteenth century to the present day.
Scientific experimentation uses technology and different areas of knowledge to achieve the highest degree of control and observation of the phenomena it replicates, so that a greater and deeper understanding of what occurs in nature can be achieved.
The result of these experiences can then be published and studied by other scientists , who could repeat the experience and, in principle, obtain similar results, since these are verifiable facts and not by chance.
Experimentation is the main way of checking the hypothetical knowledge of scientists, that is, it is the main method to discern valid theories of invalid ones.
In ancient times, for example, science was conducted through reasoning and formal logical thinking , so that natural phenomena were always given an interpretation that was consistent with the beliefs of the time.
The experimentation came to break with that model, or with the medieval that certainly took everything that the ancient writings prayed. The possibility of experimenting leads to the factual , empirical verification of what is thought of nature. And this is essential for the independent development of science and technology , as we understand them today.
Scientific experimentation must be, to be taken into account as true:
There are two types of experimentation according to the purpose it pursues:
And in the same way, the experiments can be classified according to the degree of certainty or control of the variables possessed by the scientists who carry it out, in:
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