We explain what rational knowledge is, the types of knowledge that it encompasses. In addition, its characteristics and some examples.
Rational knowledge is all that we can obtain through the use of human reason , that is, through the mental understanding of the phenomena of reality that capture our senses, and their analysis according to recognizable, demonstrable, understandable methods.
This means that rational knowledge is extremely broad, since it encompasses both scientific and empirical and philosophical knowledge , although these three are different from each other.
There are different positions regarding the fact that all knowledge , being necessarily human , passes through our mind and therefore is ultimately rational. However, rational knowledge is considered as the fruit of human reasoning as free as possible of emotions, prejudices , sensations, intuitions or subjective or unprovable values.
Thus, only that which can be explained and demonstrated according to a specific method , would be rational. In this sense, rational knowledge opposes intuitive knowledge, which is not demonstrable, and religious knowledge, which is based on faith and is dogmatic, and lacks demonstrable explanations.
The fundamental thing of rational knowledge is that it follows from reason, that is, to acquire it, a conscious, methodical, often argumentative effort must be made that obeys the formal laws of logic .
This means that rational knowledge is an analytical way of thinking, linked to a method. Therefore, it can be transmitted, demonstrated and replicated (in the case of experimental science).
In general, the traditional conception of reason excludes all forms of emotionality or subjectivity, aspiring to be as objective as possible . However, it is known that total objectivity is impossible and that even in the most seemingly rational and scientific forms a minimum margin of subjectivities persists.
A couple of examples of rational knowledge are:
Empirical knowledge is derived from the experience of the world itself , that is, from perceptions , so it can be considered a sensitive knowledge (of the senses). Thus, it can be more or less objective in assessing the object of study, ie, p ou can lend itself to rational approaches, or not .
For example, a bad (empirical) love experience can be rationalized and become social learning (something that is tried to be done in psychotherapy, for example), or it can be translated into an emotional conclusion like “all men / women are equal” .
Other forms of knowledge are as follows:
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