We explain what electrostatics are, the topics of study that this branch of physics focuses on and what electrostatic phenomena are.
A branch of Physics is known as electrostatics that studies the effects produced in the bodies as a result of their electrical charges , or what is the same, the behavior of the electric charges in equilibrium. Said electric charge is responsible for the electrostatic effects (of attraction or repulsion) that are generated between the bodies that possess it.
Electrostatics emerged, historically, long before it was understood that electricity and magnetism are related phenomena and must be studied together.
The ancient Greeks had already noticed the strange phenomena that arose from rubbing a piece of amber with wool or other fabrics, and how they attracted small objects with static electricity.
The formulation of Coulomb’s Law in the seventeenth century and Maxwell’s Laws in the nineteenth century gave definitive form to the field of discipline, and laid the foundations for its inclusion in the formal study of electromagnetism .
The object of study of electrostatics is, therefore, static electricity . This is defined as the phenomenon produced between two bodies that have accumulated an electric charge, either by induction or by friction, and then discharge it upon contact, generating different types of reaction.
For a long time it was thought that this type of electricity was of a different type from that generated by magnets or other mechanisms; until Michel Faraday in the nineteenth century showed that it was different forms of the exact same electricity.
Numerous recorded phenomena allow us to experience what is postulated by electrostatics, even through daily and simple exercises, for example:
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