We explain what chemical pollution is, its origin, causes and consequences. Types of pollutants and forms of pollution.
Chemical contamination, or also chemical risk , is understood as the ability of certain elements and substances generally for industrial use, to enter other compounds , organic tissues and even ecosystems , causing unpredictable and often toxic or lethal changes, as a consequence of chemical reactions. you uncontrolled.
From a certain point of view, it could be said that every form of contamination is chemical, since it consists in the introduction of harmful substances in an environment to which they are alien, and from which it is then difficult to extract them. However, the case of chemical contamination differs from others in that its causal elements come directly from the chemical industry and constitute toxic or dangerous substances.
The presence of chemical elements or chemical substances in an uncontrolled way in terrestrial ecosystems has occurred throughout its geological history on multiple occasions , especially as a result of long periods of volcanic activity or, even, the appearance and flowering of life. Photosynthetic plant, which gradually filled the Earth’s atmosphere with gaseous oxygen.
However, in its very brief history on the planet, human beings have altered the balance of ecosystems much more quickly and radically, due to the start-up of industries, especially after the Industrial Revolution of the 18th century.
The human being’s understanding of the way in which matter operates has allowed him to manufacture substances and manipulate the atoms that constitute them, but by underproducing in the process other useless and often harmful substances, which in the absence of better management will give the environment . Once there, they can enter wildlife and destroy the chemical balance of the ecosystem, having truly serious consequences for the sustainability of life on the planet.
For the most part, the causes of chemical contamination are from human sources . There are also chemical materials thrown from the ground by volcanoes and geysers, but these events are more infrequent and often give nature the time necessary to recover from ecological damage.
On the other hand, the amount of substances that humans pour into the air , water and earth day after day are more abundant, difficult to eliminate and therefore harmful in the medium and long term . The indiscriminate discharge of wastewater or of gases and substances to rivers, air or seas comes not only from large factories, but from the escape of cars, discarded commercial products and power plants .
Chemical pollution has serious consequences on the molecular balance of ecosystems and life itself, such as:
Chemical pollutants can be classified according to their effect on the environment in:
Chemical contamination usually occurs by inhalation ( breathing of toxic gases) or direct contact (penetration through the skin), or irradiation (simply by being in the immediate vicinity of the material) in the case of radioactive materials.
In the case of human beings, these behaviors can be controlled and minimize immediate damage , but not in the case of animals or plants, which suffer the effects of chemical contamination and eventually bring them to our own food . In addition, the damage to the ecosystem that occurs silently cannot be anticipated when we pour substances, suppose, to the rivers. Its effects will be observable in the long term, usually when it is too late.
The main chemical pollutants of today are:
Radioactivity is one of the most serious cases of chemical contamination that exist, since these are unstable chemical elements, which emit particles and energetic waves constantly and in all directions, traversing practically all matter (except lead , so used to contain this type of materials) and damaging especially the genetic material of living beings.
Radioactive materials have a variable disintegration period, but in some cases it can be extremely long, as occurs in plutonium-239 that emits radiation for 24,100 years , used during the twentieth century in the manufacture of nuclear weapons.
The chemtrails ( chemical trails , ” chemical trails “) are the name that some conspiracy theories give to the contrails left by airplanes in the atmosphere , which would contain, according to these theories, chemical or biological pollutants, which Dark powers behind the pharmaceutical industry employ to keep the population sick and to sustain the pharmacology business.
Chemical pollution requires firm measures by societies to reduce the amount of harmful materials that are dumped into the environment on a daily basis. This may mean:
Some classic examples of chemical pollution are those caused by certain chemical industries in the ocean : by pouring their waters full of sulfates and other substances into the water, they encourage the growth (by overfeeding) of certain algae and similar organisms, whose population increases to the point such as suffocating other species and then competing themselves, dying massively and rotting at the seashore, which is all detrimental to biological diversity and marine biotic balance.
Another traditional example has to do with the use of DDT as a pesticide during the twentieth century , until its prohibition having found traces of this toxic substance in animals from the other side of the world, as well as in food and even sewage for human consumption.
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