We explain what binary fission is, its stages, the types that exist and various examples. In addition, other forms of asexual reproduction.
Bipartition or binary fission is a mechanism of asexual reproduction of unicellular living beings , typical of prokaryotes , that is, of bacteria and archaea. It consists of the duplication of the individual’s cellular DNA , as a previous step to the division of the cytoplasm into two. Thus, it gives rise to two daughter cells with identical genetic material.
This is the most common form of reproduction in the bacterial world. In some species it can occur at an impressive rate (an Escherichia coli bacteria can be divided once per 20 minutes), as long as the surrounding environment conditions are adequate.
In addition to the rapid colonization of the environment, this reproductive rhythm has adaptive purposes : with that reproductive rhythm, the mutation rate is usually high. This produces new bacterial strains better adapted to the environment (for example, more resistant to antibiotics). In part this is the reason for the great evolutionary success of bacteria, present in absolutely the whole world.
Binary fission takes place through a series of stages :
There are several possible forms of binary fission, depending on the way in which the unicellular organism divides itself:
There are plenty of examples of this type of reproduction . Most prokaryotic organisms and some eukaryotes use it. In fact, the fight against bacterial infections is so arduous because its bipartition rate is high. Thus, they reproduce by binary fission:
The mechanisms of non-sexual reproduction are those that involve a single individual. Therefore, they have little or no genetic variation. In addition to binary fission, these types of reproduction include:
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