We explain what a strategy is, what types exist and in what areas it is used. Strategy and tactics Strategy and competitiveness.
The word strategy comes from the Greek strategy , composed of stratós (“army”) and ago (“direct”). That is to say that from its very origin it contains a meaning linked to planning, tactics, taking advantages over the adversary.
Today, we understand by it the action and discipline of coordinating efforts and managing resources , through optimal decision making in the process .
In the business world, for example, there is talk of strategy (or business strategy) to refer to the conduct of the company or organization to manage resources and coordinate efforts, in the face of a specific scenario or before a particular rival. From there also come strategic planning, strategic management and among other terms.
However, the concept of strategy can be applied to practically any area , from the love conquest to marketing , as long as it is about the implementation of a plan, designed to take advantage of the conditions and resources as much as possible. dices.
The strategies can be classified according to different criteria, such as their area of application (military, business, advertising, sports strategies, etc.), their positioning in front of the adversary (offensive, defensive, mixed strategies) or their area of application in a given process (general and specific strategies).
Another possible and very frequent classification in the corporate world distinguishes between:
Some examples of strategy can be:
These two concepts are often used interchangeably, so they should be explained separately. On the one hand, the strategy consists of a planning and administration of resources and forces to design a plan with greater probabilities of success. That is, the strategy starts from a macroscopic view of the set of elements available for planning.
Instead, the tactic consists of a specific method, a methodology , which is applied in the face of a specific situation to obtain a desired result. That is, while the strategies are comprehensive and general, the tactics are unique and specific .
While a strategy can be medium and long term, a tactic is a path to relatively immediate results. Thus, one strategy may consist in the use of certain types of tactics instead of others, for example.
The competitiveness of an organization or a team depends on its ability to face its rivals successfully . It is said, thus, that a company, an institution or a football team are competitive, when they offer their opponents a challenge, that is, when they are not easy to beat. And this often involves the management of strategies.
Most often, a disorganized initiative, devoid of strategies, fails to be very competitive, while one endowed with good strategies and hard planning does. This is something that obviously applies to any field of human action.
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