We explain what a public service is and the types that exist. In addition, examples of these services and their importance to society.
The utilities are a set of assets and activities, usually essential or basic type, through direct administration, subsidies or other regulatory mechanisms, a State guarantee your population , in order to provide better standard of living and protect equal opportunities among its citizens.
Public services are usually paid for with taxpayers’ money , that is, with public money (public spending), which is why they are usually limited to those indispensable for contemporary life.
These services, then, are usually protected by the State and are considered a good of national interest , even when concessions are granted to the private company to administer said service. In some constitutions, they are even declared inalienable property of the State.
These types of services play an important role in mixed economy models , that is, they control the free market through rules of the game that tend to protect the most disadvantaged, as is the case in social economies or welfare states. In fact, access to public services is one of the many factors taken into account when measuring human development indices (HDI).
Sometimes we can talk about semi-public services when it comes to privatized services but that have a certain margin of subsidy or protection from the State. The criterion for the differentiation between services that are to be public and those that are to be private often constitutes the debate between liberal (or neoliberal) positions and protectionist or developmentalist positions.
In general, public services can be classified as:
Some examples of public services are:
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