We explain what a chemical solution is and its main characteristics. In addition, how it is classified and what is the concentration.
A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances whose bonding occurs to a degree such that their individual properties are modified or lost is called a chemical solution or solution . Thus, the union of both substances throws a new substance , with its own characteristics, in which the two mixed components are indistinguishable from each other.
In this way, the solution resulting from the mixture of the two components will have a single recognizable phase ( solid , liquid or gas ) even though its components have different phases. For example, dissolve sugar in water.
Every chemical solution has at least two components: one that is dissolved in the other and that we will call solute, and another that dissolves the solute and that we will call solvent or solvent. In the case of sugar water , the first will be the solvent and the second will be the solute.
The ability to form solutions and to mix substances is fundamental for the development of new materials and for the understanding of the chemical forces that allow matter to come together. This is of particular interest for the fields of chemistry , biology and geochemistry, among others.
In general, every chemical solution is characterized by:
Chemical solutions can be classified according to the proportion that exists between solute and solvent, called concentration. There are, thus, four types of solutions:
The concentration is a magnitude that describes the proportion of solute with respect to the solvent in a solution. This magnitude is expressed in two different types of units, which are:
Physical units . Those that are expressed in relation to the weight and volume of the solution, in percentage form (multiplied by 100). They can be the following:
Chemical units . Those that are expressed in chemical unit systems, such as:
X solution = moles of solute / moles of solute + moles of solvent
X sol vente = moles of solvent / moles of solute + moles of solvent
Always contemplating that:
X solvent + X solution = 1
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