We explain what physical phenomena are, their characteristics, what types exist and various examples. In addition, chemical phenomena.
It is called physical phenomena or physical changes to the changes in the state of the material produced without altering the chemical composition of the same, since not involve any chemical reactions. In the latter they are distinguished, precisely, from chemical phenomena . They are mostly reversible.
Physical phenomena involve the set of forces that ordinarily affect matter, as well as its change of state of aggregation : liquid, solid, gas or plasma. They may also have to do with the mixture of substances, as long as they are heterogeneous mixtures, in which solvent and solute do not have any type of permanent molecular bond.
Physical phenomena, in principle, are observable to the naked eye , given that the state of matter tends to change in a macroscopic manner. This is even more true for reversible physical changes.
However, in this type of phenomena the amount of matter is not altered , that is, the change does not imply a profound transformation of it, nor the creation or destruction of it, but simply the transit from one state to another, or from one structure to another.
The physical phenomena can be different, depending on the origin they have, usually in some of the physical forces of the universe . That way, we can talk about:
Some simple examples of physical phenomena are changes in water states . In its natural state and at ordinary atmospheric pressure, water is liquid and transparent, just as it is when we drink it. If we add heat, heating it in a container, once it reaches 100 ° C the water will evaporate, converted into a gas (steam).
If, on the contrary, we remove heat by putting it in a freezer, once it reaches 0 ° C the water will start to crystallize and eventually become solid (ice). All these processes are reversible through the reverse mechanism: add or remove heat.
As we said initially, the difference between physical phenomena and chemical phenomena has to do with the type of change in matter. In the first case, it is a change of structure, of state, in which the substance remains chemically the same. For example, frozen water is still made up of hydrogen and oxygen.
Instead, chemical phenomena reorganize the molecular nature of matter , building and destroying atomic bonds and creating new substances. This is because a chemical reaction, usually irreversible, occurs in which substances totally different from the initial ones are obtained.
For example, metals that react with oxygen oxidize , losing some of their properties, without the recovery of oxygen, nor the transformed metal.
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