We elaborate the uses of Vanadium and atomic properties with characteristics. Vanadium is a silver-gray metallic chemical element with an atomic number 23. Its symbol is V and it belongs to the group of transition metals and its usual state in nature is solid. Vanadium is located at position 23 on the periodic table.
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On this page you can discover the chemical properties of vanadium and information about vanadium and other elements on the periodic table such as niobium, titanium, chromium or scandium. You will also learn what vanadium is for and learn about its uses through its properties associated with vanadium such as its atomic number or the usual state in which vanadium can be found.
You can see qualities of vanadium such as its melting and boiling point, its magnetic properties or what its chemical symbol is. In addition, here you will find information about its atomic properties such as the distribution of electrons in vanadium atoms and other properties.
For some elements, some of this information is unknown. In these cases we show the properties attributed to them.
Vanadium properties
Transition metals, also called transition elements is the group to which vanadium belongs. In this group of chemical elements to which vanadium belongs, there are those located in the central part of the periodic table, specifically in block d. Among the characteristics that vanadium has, as well as those of the other tansition metals, is that of including in its electronic configuration the d orbital, partially full of electrons. Properties of this type of metal, among which is vanadium are its high hardness, having high boiling and melting points and being good conductors of electricity and heat.
The state of vanadium in its natural form is solid. Vanadium is a silver-gray metallic chemical element and belongs to the group of transition metals. The atomic number for vanadium is 23. The chemical symbol for vanadium is V. The melting point of vanadium is 2175 degrees Kelvin or 1902.85 degrees Celsius or degrees Celsius. The boiling point of vanadium is 3682 degrees Kelvin or 3409.85 degrees Celsius or degrees Celsius.
Uses of vanadium
Vanadium is a metal that was discovered in the 19th century. If you have ever wondered what vanadium is for , here is a list of its possible uses:
- Small amounts of vanadium are added to the steel to make it stronger. Aircraft surgical instruments, tools, shafts, bicycle frames, crankshafts, gears and motors are made from this vanadium reinforced steel.
- Vanadium pentoxide is used as a catalyst to produce sulfuric acid. Sulfuric acid is one of the most important chemicals for the industry. Vanadium pentoxide is also used to make maleic anhydride and some types of ceramics.
- In the future, a vanadium compound could be used for lithium batteries as an anode. Could also be used in rechargeable batteries.
- Vanadate, another vanadium compound, protects steel from oxidation and corrosion.
- Vanadium dioxide is used to make glass coatings that block infrared radiation.
- Vanadium oxide is also used in the manufacture of costume jewelery.
- The outer shell of superconducting magnets can be made of vanadium.
- Some bacteria and other organisms use a vanadium compound to process nitrogen .
Atomic properties of vanadium
The atomic mass of an element is determined by the total mass of neutrons and protons that can be found in a single atom belonging to this element. As for the position where to find vanadium within the periodic table of the elements, vanadium is in group 5 and period 4. Vanadium has an atomic mass of 50.9415 u.
The electronic configuration of the vanadium is [Ar] 3d34s2. The electronic configuration of the elements, determines the form in which the electrons are structured in the atoms of an element. The average radius of vanadium is 135 pm, its atomic radius or Bohr radius is 171 pm, and its covalent radius is 125 pm. Vanadium has a total of 23 electrons whose distribution is as follows: In the first layer it has 2 electrons, in the second it has 8 electrons, in its third layer it has 11 electrons and in the fourth one, 2 electrons.
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Vanadium characteristics
Below you can see a table showing the main characteristics of vanadium.
| Vanadium | ||
|---|---|---|
| Chemical symbol | V | |
| Atomic number | 2. 3 | |
| Group | 5 | |
| Period | 4 | |
| Appearance | metallic silver gray | |
| Block | d | |
| Density | 6110 kg / m3 | |
| Atomic mass | 50.9415 u | |
| Average radius | 135 pm | |
| Atomic radio | 171 | |
| Covalent radius | 125 pm | |
| Electronic configuration | [Ar] 3d34s2 | |
| Electrons per layer | 2, 8, 11, 2 | |
| Oxidation states | 2. 3. 4. 5 | |
| Oxide | amphoteric | |
| Crystal structure | body centered cubic | |
| State | solid | |
| Melting point | 2175 K | |
| Boiling point | 3682 K | |
| Heat of fusion | 20.9 kJ / mol | |
| Vapor pressure | 3.06 Pa at 2175 K | |
| Electronegativity | 1.63 | |
| Specific heat | 490 J / (K ยท kg) | |
| Electric conductivity | 4.89106S / m | |
| Thermal conductivity | 30.7 W / (Km) | |
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