We explain what the research methods are and which are the main ones. In addition, what are the characteristics of each.
An investigation is an activity dedicated to obtaining new knowledge or its application for the resolution of specific problems, through an understandable, communicable and reproducible procedure. It can be dedicated to different areas of human knowledge, and involve different types of reasoning and procedures, according to the chosen research method.
The term method comes from the Greek meta -, “towards”, and hodós , “path,” which suggests that its meaning is “the most appropriate path to an end.” That is, a method is a procedure we choose to obtain a predetermined end .
Consequently, the research methods are the different models of procedures that can be used in a specific investigation , taking into account the needs of the same, that is, the nature of the phenomenon we wish to investigate .
A perfect example of this is the scientific method , a series of procedures of a logical and experimental type that allow to test a hypothesis through controlled, replicable and precise experiences, that is, by what we know today as science.
Broadly speaking, research methods are classified as logical and empirical . Logical research methods involve the use of thinking and reasoning to execute deductions , analysis and synthesis .
On the other hand, empirical research methods approach knowledge through replicable, controlled and documented experiences, which we know under the name of experiments .
In addition, we can identify the following methods:
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