We explain what the quantitative method is, the types of research in which it is used and its characteristics. In addition, the qualitative method.
Quantitative methods, quantitative methodologies or quantitative investigations are the set of strategies for obtaining and processing information that use numerical magnitudes and formal and / or statistical techniques to carry out their analysis, always framed in a cause and effect relationship.
In other words, a quantitative method is anyone who uses numerical values to study a phenomenon . As a result, it obtains conclusions that can be expressed mathematically.
Quantitative research methods are useful when there is a problem in studying a set of representable data using different mathematical models. Thus, the research elements are clear, defined and limited . The results obtained are numerical, descriptive and, in some cases, predictive.
Quantitative research is considered the opposite form of qualitative research , and its use is frequent in the field of exact sciences and in many social sciences . It is also known as an empirical-analytical method and as a positivist method.
The quantitative method is characterized, first and foremost, because it requires numerical variables to be able to express the research problem . In other words, the analyzed data must always be quantifiable, that is, expressible in an amount.
Among their techniques, surveys, experiments and even predictions are usually used, once a first result is obtained, since quantitative data is usually generalizable .
Another important feature is that it is an objective method , or that it at least aspires to be. This means that interpretation and points of view have no place in it, but the demonstrable relationship between figures and mathematical models.
To do this, inference is your most usual logical procedure. Its starting point is always a hypothesis or some theory to be tested.
There are different types of quantitative research, such as:
Some simple examples of the application of the quantitative method can be:
Unlike quantitative ones, focused on the application of formal and mathematical techniques to obtain results expressed in numbers, qualitative methods apply interpretive techniques to obtain cultural and ideological results , that is, discursive.
This difference is fundamental for the field of research, and is usually expressed as follows: where the quantitative seeks quantities, the qualitative seeks qualities.
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