We elaborate the uses of Hafnium and atomic properties with characteristics.Hafnium is a steel gray chemical element with atomic number 72. Its symbol is Hf and it belongs to the group of transition metals and its normal state in nature is solid. Hafnium is located at position 72 on the periodic table.
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On this page you can discover the chemical properties of hafnium and information about hafnium and other elements of the periodic table such as zirconium, rutherfordium, lutetium or tantalum. You will also learn what hafnium is for and you will know what its uses through its properties associated with hafnium such as its atomic number or the usual state in which hafnium can be found.
You will be able to see qualities of hafnium such as its melting and boiling point, its magnetic properties or what its chemical symbol is. In addition, here you will find information about its atomic properties such as the distribution of electrons in hafnium atoms and other properties.
For some elements, part of this information is unknown. In these cases we show the properties attributed to them.
Hafnium properties
The transition metals, also called transition elements, is the group to which hafnium belongs. In this group of chemical elements to which hafnium belongs, are those located in the central part of the periodic table, specifically in block d. Among the characteristics that hafnium has, as well as those of the rest of transition metals, is that of including the d orbital, partially filled with electrons, in its electronic configuration. Properties of this type of metal, among which hafnium is found, are its high hardness, having high boiling and melting points and being good conductors of electricity and heat.
The state of hafnium in its natural form is solid. Hafnium is a steel-gray chemical element that belongs to the group of transition metals. The atomic number of hafnium is 72. The chemical symbol for hafnium is Hf. The melting point of hafnium is 2506 degrees Kelvin or 2233.85 degrees Celsius or degrees centigrade. The boiling point of hafnium is 4876 degrees Kelvin or 4603.85 degrees Celsius or degrees centigrade.
Atomic properties of hafnium
The atomic mass of an element is determined by the total mass of neutrons and protons that can be found in a single atom belonging to this element. Regarding the position where to find hafnium within the periodic table of elements, hafnium is in group 4 and period 6. Hafnium has an atomic mass of 178.49 u.
The electron configuration of hafnium is [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2. The electronic configuration of the elements determines the way in which the electrons are structured in the atoms of an element. The mean radius of hafnium is 155 pm, its atomic radius or Bohr radius is 208 pm, and its covalent radius is 150 pm.
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Hafnium characteristics
Below you can see a table that shows the main characteristics that hafnium has.
| Hafnium | ||
|---|---|---|
| Chemical symbol | Hf | |
| Atomic number | 72 | |
| Group | 4 | |
| Period | 6 | |
| Appearance | steel gray | |
| Block | d | |
| Density | 13310 kg / m3 | |
| Atomic mass | 178.49 u | |
| Medium radius | 155 pm | |
| Atomic radio | 208 | |
| Covalent radius | 150 pm | |
| Electronic configuration | [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2 | |
| Oxidation states | 4 (amphoteric) | |
| Crystal structure | hexagonal | |
| State | solid | |
| Melting point | 2506K | |
| Boiling point | 4876K | |
| Heat of fusion | 24.06 kJ / mol | |
| Vapor pressure | 0.00112Pa at 2500K | |
| Electronegativity | 1.3 (Pauling) | |
| Specific heat | 140 J / (kg K) | |
| Electric conductivity | 3.12 × 106 m-1 Ω-1 | |
| Thermal conductivity | 23 W / (m K) | |
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