The main difference between a capacitor and an inductor is that an inductor is used to store the energy in the form of a magnetic field, whereas a capacitor stores the energy in the form of an electric field. This article gives an overview of what is a capacitor, and inductor, their differences, types, uses, and characteristics.
The capacitor is an electrical component that is made up of two conductors alienated by an insulator. When a potential difference is supplied to both terminals, an electric field is formed and electric charges are stored. Based on the characteristics, the capacitor is widely used to build electronic circuits.
As a die electric substance, any non-conducting substance can be used. But, some of the preferred dielectric materials are Teflon, Mylar, porcelain, mica, and cellulose. A capacitor is defined based on the material chosen like electrode or dielectric. The dielectric material is mainly used to help in storing electrical energy. The capacitor’s value can be determined by the size of the terminals, the distance between the two terminals, and the kind of material used.
Capacitor | Inductor |
capacitor resists changes in voltage | inductor resists changes in current |
voltage in a capacitor doesn’t change instantaneously | current in an inductor doesn’t change instantaneously |
The unit of capacitance is Farad | The unit of inductance is Henry |
Voltage lags current by π/2 | Current lags voltage by π/2 |
The capacitor functions as a short circuit for alternating current | Inductor functions as a short circuit for direct current |
Energy is stored in the electric field | Energy is stored in the magnetic field |
Capacitor | Inductor |
Capacitors connected in parallel unite like resistors in series | Inductors in parallel unite like resistors in parallel |
Capacitors in series unite like resistors in parallel | The Inductor in series unites like a resistor in series |
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