ChemistryElements

Uses Of Cobalt And Atomic Properties With Characteristics

We elaborate the uses of Cobalt and atomic properties with characteristics. Cobalt is a gray-toned metallic-looking chemical element with atomic number 27. Its symbol is Co and it belongs to the group of transition metals and its usual state in nature is solid. Cobalt is located at position 27 on the periodic table.

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On this page you can discover the chemical properties of cobalt and information about cobalt and other elements on the periodic table such as rhodium, iron, nickel or scandium. You will also learn what cobalt is for and you will know what its uses are through its properties associated with cobalt such as its atomic number or the usual state in which cobalt can be found.

You will see qualities of cobalt such as its melting and boiling point, its magnetic properties or what its chemical symbol is. In addition, here you will find information about its atomic properties such as the distribution of electrons in cobalt atoms and other properties.

For some elements, some of this information is unknown. In these cases we show the properties attributed to them.

Cobalt properties

Transition metals, also called transition elements is the group to which cobalt belongs. In this group of chemical elements to which cobalt belongs, there are those located in the central part of the periodic table, specifically in block d. Among the characteristics that cobalt has, as well as those of the rest of the transition metals, is that of including the d orbital, partially full of electrons, in its electronic configuration. Properties of this type of metal, among which is cobalt are its high hardness, having high boiling and melting points and being good conductors of electricity and heat.

The state of cobalt in its natural form is solid (ferromagnetic). Cobalt is a gray-tone metallic-looking chemical element and belongs to the group of transition metals. The atomic number of cobalt is 27. The chemical symbol for cobalt is Co. The melting point of cobalt is 1768 degrees Kelvin, or 1495.85 degrees Celsius or degrees Celsius. The boiling point of cobalt is 3200 degrees Kelvin or 2927.85 degrees Celsius or degrees Celsius.

Uses of cobalt

Cobalt is a hard metal, it is ferromagnetic, blue-white in color. If you’ve ever wondered what cobalt is for , here is a list of its possible uses:

  • Lithium cobalt oxide is used as an electrode in lithium batteries. Rechargeable nickel metal hydride (NiMH) batteries also contain some cobalt.
  • Paints, varnishes and inks can be made with cobalt to achieve certain colors.
  • Cobalt is often added to alloys to create what is known as superalloys . These alloys have a stable temperature and are therefore widely used in jet engines and gas turbines. These alloys are also used in prosthetic hips and knees when these types of implants are needed . Some false teeth are made with cobalt to avoid nickel allergies . Permanent magnets are also made from cobalt alloys.
  • Various cobalt compounds are very important in the industry, as they act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions. Liquid and polymer fuels are obtained through the use of cobalt catalysts.
  • It is possible to create a nuclear bomb using cobalt-59. The explosion would be very small, but the affected area would be contaminated with radioactive waste for some time.
  • Cobalt-60 is used in medicine to produce gamma rays. These are used in radiation therapy, sterilization of medical and waste material, to sterilize food, and to measure the density of an object.
  • Cobalt-57 is also used in medicine. It can be used to calculate how much vitamin B12 is present in the body.
  • Basecoats for porcelain enamels are made of cobalt.
  • Some jewelry and cutlery are galvanized (coated) with cobalt, as it is hard and resistant to oxidation.

Cobalt Atomic Properties

The atomic mass of an element is determined by the total mass of neutrons and protons that can be found in a single atom belonging to this element. As for the position where to find cobalt within the periodic table of the elements, cobalt is in group 9 and period 4. Cobalt has an atomic mass of 58.933200 u.

The electronic configuration for cobalt is [Ar] 3d74s2. The electronic configuration of the elements, determines the form in which the electrons are structured in the atoms of an element. The average radius of cobalt is 135 pm, its atomic radius or Bohr radius is 152 pm, and its covalent radius is 126 pm.

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Cobalt characteristics

Below you can see a table showing the main characteristics of cobalt.

Cobalt
Chemical symbol Co
Atomic number 27
Group 9
Period 4
Appearance metallic with gray tone
Block d
Density 8900 kg / m3
Atomic mass 58.933200 u
Average radius 135 pm
Atomic radio 152
Covalent radius 126 pm
Electronic configuration [Ar] 3d74s2
Oxidation states 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, -1 (amphoteric)
Crystal structure hexagonal
State solid
Melting point 1768 K
Boiling point 3200 K
Heat of fusion 16.19 kJ / mol
Vapor pressure 175 Pa to 1768 K
Electronegativity 1.88
Specific heat 420 J / (K ยท kg)
Thermal conductivity 100 W / (Km)

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