Physics

Physics is a natural science that studies the properties of matter and energy , establishing relationships between them. It is based on experiments , observations and mathematical formulations aimed at the interpretation of fundamental questions of nature, relating to a great number of phenomena, ranging from subatomic to macrocosmic scales.

The word Physics derives from the ancient Greek phisis, which means “nature.” It is a science grounded in experimental observations and mathematical laws. Its main purpose is to explain the various phenomena resulting from interactions between matter , movement and energy.

Physics: Table Of Contents

This is one of the oldest disciplines and had its beginning marked by astronomical observations made by ancient peoples of the whole world. It tries to explain the operation of the Universe in the most fundamental way possible, based on the precepts of scientific methodology and mathematical language .

It is about the science that studies the properties of nature with the support of mathematics . Physics is responsible for analyzing the characteristics of energy , time and matter , as well as the links that are established between them.

  1. Mechanics
    1. Kinematics
      1. Motion
      2. Distance and displacement
      3. Speed and Velocity
      4. Acceleration
      5. Equations of motion
      6. Free fall
      7. Graphs of motion
      8. Kinematics and calculus
      9. Kinematics in two dimensions
      10. Projectiles
      11. Parametric equations
    2. Dynamics I: Force
      1. Forces
      2. Force and mass
      3. Action-reaction
      4. Weight
      5. Dynamics
      6. Statics
      7. Friction
      8. Forces in two dimensions
      9. Centripetal force
      10. Frames of reference
    3. Energy
      1. Work
      2. Energy
      3. Kinetic energy
      4. Potential energy
      5. Conservation of energy
      6. Power
      7. Simple machines
    4. Dynamics II: Momentum
      1. Impulse and momentum
      2. Conservation of momentum
      3. Momentum and energy
      4. Momentum in two dimensions
    5. Rotational motion
      1. Rotational kinematics
      2. Rotational inertia
      3. Rotational dynamics
      4. Rotational equilibrium
      5. Angular momentum
      6. Rotational energy
      7. Rolling
      8. Rotation in two dimensions
      9. Coriolis force
    6. Planetary motion
      1. Geocentrism
      2. Heliocentrism
      3. Universal gravitation
      4. Orbital mechanics I
      5. Gravitational potential energy
      6. Orbital mechanics II
      7. Gravity of extended bodies
    7. Periodic motion
      1. Springs
      2. Simple harmonic oscillator
      3. Pendulums
      4. Resonance
      5. Elasticity
    8. Fluids
      1. Density
      2. Pressure
      3. Buoyancy
      4. Fluid flow
      5. Viscosity
      6. Aerodynamic drag
      7. Flow regimes
  2. Thermal physics
    1. Heat and temperature
      1. Temperature
      2. Thermal expansion
      3. The atomic nature of matter
      4. Gas laws
      5. Kinetic-molecular theory
      6. Phases
    2. Calorimetry
      1. Sensible heat
      2. Latent heat
      3. Chemical potential energy
    3. Heat transfer
      1. Conduction
      2. Convection
      3. Radiation
    4. Thermodynamics
      1. Heat and work
      2. Pressure-volume diagrams
      3. Engines
      4. Refrigerators
      5. Energy and entropy
      6. Absolute zero
  3. Waves and optics
    1. Wave phenomena
      1. The nature of waves
      2. Periodic waves
      3. Interference and superposition
      4. Interfaces and barriers
    2. Sound
      1. The nature of sound
      2. Intensity
      3. Doppler effect (sound)
      4. Shock waves
      5. Diffraction and interference (sound)
      6. Standing waves
      7. Beats
      8. Music and noise
    3. Physical optics
      1. The nature of light
      2. Polarization
      3. Doppler effect (light)
      4. Cerenkov radiation
      5. Diffraction and interference (light)
      6. Thin film interference
      7. Color
    4. Geometric optics
      1. Reflection
      2. Refraction
      3. Spherical mirrors
      4. Spherical lenses
      5. Aberration
  4. Electricity and magnetism
    1. Electrostatics
      1. Electric charge
      2. Coulomb’s law
      3. Electric field
      4. Electric potential
      5. Gauss’s law
      6. Conductors
    2. Electrostatic applications
      1. Capacitors
      2. Dielectrics
      3. Batteries
    3. Electric current
      1. Electric current
      2. Electric resistance
      3. Electric power
    4. DC circuits
      1. Resistors in circuits
      2. Batteries in circuits
      3. Capacitors in circuits
      4. Kirchhoff’s rules
    5. Magnetostatics
      1. Magnetism
      2. Electromagnetism
      3. Ampère’s law
      4. Electromagnetic force
    6. Magnetodynamics
      1. Electromagnetic induction
      2. Faraday’s law
      3. Lenz’ law
      4. Inductance
    7. AC circuits
      1. Alternating current
      2. RC circuits
      3. RL circuits
      4. LC circuits
    8. Electromagnetic waves
      1. Maxwell’s equations
      2. Electromagnetic waves
      3. Electromagnetic spectrum
  5. Modern physics
    1. Relativity
      1. Space-time
      2. Mass-energy
      3. General relativity
    2. Quanta
      1. Blackbody radiation
      2. Photoelectric effect
      3. X-rays
      4. Antimatter
    3. Wave mechanics
      1. Matter waves
      2. Atomic models
      3. Semiconductors
      4. Condensed matter
    4. Nuclear physics
      1. Isotopes
      2. Radioactive decay
      3. Half life
      4. Binding energy
      5. Fission
      6. Fusion
      7. Nucleosynthesis
      8. Nuclear weapons
      9. Radiobiology
    5. Particle physics
      1. Quantum electrodynamics
      2. Quantum chromodynamics
      3. Quantum flavordynamics
      4. The Standard Model
      5. Beyond the Standard Model
  6. Foundations
    1. Units
      1. International system of units
      2. Gaussian system of units
      3. British-American system of units
      4. Miscellaneous units
      5. Time
      6. Unit conversion
    2. Measurement
      1. Significant digits
      2. Order of magnitude
    3. Graphs
      1. Graphical representation of data
      2. Linear regression
      3. Curve fitting
      4. Calculus
    4. Vectors
      1. Trigonometry
      2. Vector addition and subtraction
      3. Vector resolution and components
      4. Vector multiplication
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